Irreplaceable backups

What is your computer worth in terms of information treasure, unique and irreplaceable photos, repository of your work, research and ideas, communication with peers, clients, employers, products or production data? If you couldn’t access it in the next minute, how big would be your loss? In a fast pace environment, although we all know backup should be well setup and fail-proof (shall I say fool-proof?), we mostly don’t follow through. Working in a corporation we have a luxury of leaving it to the IT guys. For small business or professionals, way too often the truth strikes before we are ready.

2012 should be called a year of cyber-security. Questions are abound:
Shall I use off network storage i.e external hard drive to backup and be tasked with manual push?
Shall I use online backup app and give up my privacy?
How do I protect my data from rootkits if anti-virus software does not see them?
How do I tell well crafted scareware popups from legitimate system alarms warning me about pending hardware failure?
Shall I fear a zero access kit possibly docked already in my hospital or utilities or air flight system, waiting for a remote signal to induce harm?
Shall I keep paper records in case backup failed?

Time to take a moment and strategize is now. Things that we don’t control shouldn’t worry us, but it helps to be aware, open minded, sustain common sense and build redundancy. It makes for better decisions.
Think of more than one way to protect your computer treasures.

Some say that having everything virtual, in the cloud, is better solution. Online documents, pay-as-you-go web-hosted applications allow you to move from place to place and work on any computer, anywhere, without a grin about securing data or hardware.
Others cannot imagine having accounting or business-sensitive data exposed to unknown individuals.

Zero Day is a cyber security thriller written by an expert in the field – Mark Russinovich. Once I started reading it, I couldn’t put it down until finished two days later. Narration, characters, facts and fiction, all made for a fascinating series of events. Having an IT background and experience myself, it was easy to identify with several situations painted in the book. Luckily, in my career I didn’t have to live through some of the horrifying cyber terror events that Mark described. It was interesting to read who creates malware software, how it is distributed in today’s globally connected world, and how unforeseen circumstances create domino effect that strikes in far away places. If you don’t know much about cyber security, this book is both entertaining and eye opening.

Hardware failures, viruses, and other security threats strike all systems, brands, and types of devices. Having Apple instead of Windows or a smart phone instead of a laptop does not make you immune. Malware programmers follow the crowd of purchasers of the latest gadgets. They thrive in meeting the challenges to break into seemingly secure systems. Break-ins to Droid smart phones and iPhones are more common recently. Even electronic chips in the newly released cars are a target.

Between the swipe-touch apps, wireless transmission, QR and RF technology and ever new programming techniques, computer security professionals and amateurs alike are in big demand. Zero access threats make it a dangerous catch-up game. Speculations about internet self-destruction may be as far from the truth as a theory of nuclear disaster in 1950s.

For now, taking a small step to backup your data regularly sounds really good.

Automatic Upgrades – nursing your CMS installation

Open source CMS platforms like WordPress and Joomla regularly work on their core codes, issuing frequently next version for the upgrade. We are so used to constant upgrades of our computer software that clicking that upgrade button is not anything most of us think twice about.

Should you always upgrade to the most current version?

This simply sounding question does not have a straight-forward answer. It is really a complex issue and coming up with a right answer goes back to the planning stage of your website. Let’s talk about the most popular Content Management platform today – WordPress.

As the popularity of the WordPress increased exponentially in the last couple of years, so did the number of available themes and plugins that make the flesh and experience of our sites. Many of intermediate programmers contributed with their excitement to this development. Not nearly half of them continue to support their original, publicly available code. Unfortunately, this code was used in newly created sites all over the world, because it offered attractive functionality and aesthetics at the time. Website designers and project managers alike proceeded in good faith, not knowing whether or not the plugins and themes used in their clients’ websites will be abandoned a month or a year later.

Long gone the development phase, now the sites are in the hands of the “administrators” that know nothing about the codes. They are the end users. As soon as they see the upgrade notification pop up in the admin interface, they hit the button. Who does not want to have up-to-date website?

This one click can result in a disaster. With any incompatible plugins or themes the site becomes slightly or completely broken. You should have had a backup!

Precautious developers hide the upgrade notifications from the end users. Others are warned not to do upgrades on their own. Some part of website owners just don’t care what version do they run, and never upgrade – there is business to be run, who has the time for the back end!?

Staying with the originally installed version of your CMS also has its pitfalls. Yes, your site may function Ok as is, but that’s not guaranteed. Between the improvements in browsers technology and dangerously growing day by day cyber security threats, your site may not look or function the same after a while. It can become inaccessible on the newer devices, like iPads, smart phones and electronic appliances, or be easier hacked with every ignored security update. You may also miss all the newer, nicer functionality offered in the current version.

So what’s the smart plan?

If you are aiming to save yourself time – have a professional developer on retainer or frequent short-time contracts to keep up with security and functionality upgrades. They will evaluate your plugins’ compatibility over time, when the new versions come aboard. The best is to have original developer do it, as the ‘secrets’ of your installation may not surface until new elements are at play. It’s as delicate as a pharmacist’s job – hard to predict interactions amongst all the plugins used over time.

If you are set to save yourself money – you need to follow all the upgrades announcements, and do the due diligence about published compatibility of each of the plugins and themes that are on your site, before upgrading. Have a good, working backup, and keep in mind that compatibility of each plugin does not add up as joint compatibility in a new version. Vinegar is Ok on it’s own, and so is baking soda – but join the two and foaming may overflow your bowl. The same is true about your upgrades and plugins.

Why some websites have performance problems?

When you had your website built, it was most probably handed to you in a good state. Page loading times can deteriorate over time, or quickly and abruptly, when certain events occur on the server or in the process of content maintenance. What are some reasons for a slow loading times of a fairly simple website?

  • Running forums
  • Very large content (hundreds of pages)
  • Large media files (images, video, audio, attachment files like PDF brochures etc.)
  • Excessive use of plugins
  • Excessive use of scripts (scripts that come with plugins, traffic analytics, marketing, forms, visual effects)
  • Administrative overhead of user-friendly back end theme options
  • Using custom fonts
  • Sloppy or bloated code
  • Overly analytical code, with excessive use of “if” statements checking for user agent / browser version / size
  • Errors in user’s content management usage resulting in pages hanging or malformed
  • Overcrowded web host server or server having issues, including security breaches and online attacks
  • Sudden increase in website’s traffic due to marketing event or viral popularity (we all wish to have this problem)

One of the most popular ways of dealing with slowly loading pages is installation of the super cache plugin. It was downloaded over 3 million times just for WordPress sites – millions more times for other sites.This plugin generates static html files from dynamically created pages in content management systems. The static file is served instead of processing the comparatively heavier and more time consuming scripts used to generate page dynamically. This idea has several pitfalls, as you may already see. First of all, your viewers are served cached content – many times resulting in seeing old content. Plugin itself requires reasonable maintenance. Additionally logged in users will not get cached content, so they will still experience long delays in page loading. It just seems like a problem masking prop rather than real solution. I’d rather scrutinize inefficiencies, and review poorly thought-through design than use a sloppy or bloated process and slap accelerator on the top to make things better.
Many plugins are installed “just in case” by hungry for everything owners, and not vetted for only necessary ones to ensure desired functionality. Many originally looking fonts are used purely for vanity, not adding much value to the site.
And which developer did not hear a request to upload image files “in high resolution” to enhance viewing experience? – website owners not familiar with web standards, do not want to believe that all these images will be reduced to 72 pixels/inch by every browser, every time.

When troubleshooting performance problems, it is always worthwhile to look at the server logs that may reveal quickly what was the reason behind slowing down your site.

Many online tools are available to asses the loading times of the websites. You will need a healthy dose of common sense reading the results and recommendations steaming from these reports. They would frequently ignore large media files, adding hundreds of kilobytes to loading times, but point finger at minifying css (style code) file that can only save tens of kilobytes. You should read such recommendations carefully to understand their true impact on what you are trying to achieve.

When building and optimizing your website for speed, everyone has to come together – creative director, designer, programmer, content writer, photographer, support staff, and web host. Understanding an impact of each of these areas is critical for smooth user experience.

The Shortest Guide to WordPress

For small business owners and professionals

Why talk about WordPress when you need a (or have an older, traditional) website, but are not thinking of blogging?

Wordpress is the most popular content management platform today, with over 80% of all blogs using it. WordPress site does not have to look like a blog at all. You won’t be able to tell ‘it’s a WordPress site’ from just looking at it. With fantastic resources amassed, it offers achieving complex functionality in the shortest time, and freedom of quick content creation and design changes by users who would normally not engage in web design.

Why your next site should be a WordPress?

Some advantages of the native workflow automation that WordPress provides, in comparison to a non-CMS (Content Management System) html, php or flash site, are:

  • Reuse of modular elements like header, navigation, widgets (blocks of condensed content in a sidebar), footer, page template(s). Once created, these are updating at once on all pages. Use what open source developers created already, or have it designed & coded just for you.
  • Ability to create post (description/article) pages that can be assigned to categories, which in turn create optional navigation menus. You can use them to automatically organize your products and services and show in a sidebar, secondary top or footer menu or in the content.
  • Navigation items are created automatically as soon as a new page or post content is entered, or added manually. Complex submenus are created by simple click, slide and drop.
  • There are thousands of plugins that can add functionality to your site. Some examples include shopping cart, calendar of events, registrations, forms, search engine optimization, presentation sliders, twitter, facebook, tumblr and advertising feeds, tool tips, accordion-style content toggling, colourful buttons, placing featured content in desired locations or creating a social, community forum.
  • Different design and layout can be applied to the same content in a snap, using free or premium theme change in back end interface.
  • Presentation show, called slider, can display on home or any page a set of selected images or image and optional excerpt from posts in selected category. Each page can show a separate, featured header image across the whole width of the site. You can insert a video from youtube, audio file or pictures from your computer with a few quick clicks.
  • Search box allows viewer to find quickly any content/product.
  • Site owner(s), content contributors and update/maintenance staff can have separate logins and access levels to back end interface, allowing them to perform: administrator, editor, or subscriber functions.
  • Ability to combine website and blog in one entity, under one host.
  • WordPress is the easiest to use out of all content management systems. If you know how to use MS Word, you will be able to work with WordPress.

    You can get a brief overview or all the details about WordPress at: wordpress.org.

Digital Journalism -video is the new text

Today’s journalists are expected to stop writing already, pick up a camera and videograph the subject story for their audience. That’s because we all developed the new ways of ingesting reality.
We acquired habits of watching tv for hours or playing video games and browsing internet, while book and press reading declined significantly. Avalanche of information hit everyone so hard that whoever wants to catch viewer’s attention, has only a second or two to do so. Picture is worth a thousand words, right? And what tells a better story than dramatic image? – certainly not some long block of monotonous text. With rapid growth of mobile devices, even further constraints and opportunities in content presentation arise.

We love to see in the movies how the super agents have huge screens appearing in their hidden headquarters at will, where they could get a visual information on anything in the world at a swipe of a finger and enlarge the crucial details with the few cool gestures of their palms. Makes a great NCIS episode, and we all dream that in the nearest future that wall will be in our living room, where we can plan our next vacation spot to go or interact with the evening news or see our kids exploring galactic worlds or looking inside biology of the human cells.

Wouldn’t it be cool, during our next doctor visit, to have him displayed on demand all our X-Rays, uhm… MRIs, and digital lab tests on a big wall-screen to visualize diagnosis and animate different scenarios of our health prognosis? Next you know we are calling our next of kin using only brain waves.

How far have we gone from the long texts as an exchange of knowledge, information and communication…

Anyone sees anything wrong with this picture? It’s not about conservatism or opposition to technological progress. I am freakishly pro evolution of technology, innovation and creativity, BUT…
watch how vulnerable have we become in this model to all kinds of manipulation.

Don’t you feel like a hostage when information is provided in a video format?: …so you stumbled on that interesting title or image and you want to see the story. You start watching the video and… gotcha. Now you are at the mercy of the video narrator how soon you see something revealed. You are stuck with the pace of presentation and you don’t know what you missed, if you don’t just watch and hear to the very end.
With the same story in text, we could at least scan sections quickly for things we did not know before, or skip the boring parts, and we can choose the speed at which we are digesting the whole story. The same cannot be said even with the stop-and-forward capabilities.

Doesn’t it also discriminate to have as video journalists only cute, attractive people, because that’s what we grew to expect on the screen? Well made video does require much more effort than writing a text story. Some real time images cannot be re-iterated to perfection, or even captured in time. Images can easier manipulate us than written words.

Isn’t that why marketing invented large billboards or screen images, mostly without any words, to sell us our own dreams? …because the less salesman tells you about the product, the more you imagine it matching your dream?

And no, image is not always better than words: One can see what one is ready to see when one wants to see it. Ten individuals looking at the same picture can see ten different things. One may notice appearance, another situation, and another the expression of feelings, while someone else a composition of the whole view, without any detail. Perception is how we communicate with words our opinions, feelings and ideas, and a lot of times image only gets in a way.

Attention span and written expressions are becoming shorter and shorter. Even television is getting ditched when current generation interacts almost exclusively with the mobile, portable devices. This dictates a format of the journalism and all digital information.

It also creates new opportunities. One, just starting to be explored in the learning environments, is augmented reality. In this mode of creative information presentation, virtual layer is over imposed on the reality layer. So physical view of the landscape can be for instance overlaid with a drawn map with names of objects. It may also be a game, with hot spots of rich hidden curriculum to learn, and so on.

If the written words were to disappear, like so many communication means in the past, one can only hope that we had developed interpersonal brainwave communication before that happened.

What are the challenges of today?

New Year brings predictions, reviews, summaries, list and reflections like no other date. It makes people think, regroup, refocus and plan. When I look around, this is what I see:

We live in the world that did not exist when we were born. Generation gap is the greatest ever in history of human kind.

Industrial capitalism is at the end of its wits. Development of industries, cities and technology and science jumps over itself and instant obsoleteness is the new norm.

Almost anyone is only a click away. Almost any information is always available. The best minds on the planet can be called to work on global projects and issues in minutes. Many local workers are struggling to adapt.

Economic gap among the richest and poorest is the greatest ever.

Fascination with celebrities’ lives became ‘circus for the masses’, bringing huge entertainment revenues to global networks.

Unprecedented resources are available to us to learn from others. We innovate through re-iteration of things we know to add and improve.

Kids in schools are learning for the jobs that we don’t even know the names of yet – they will be invented in the near future.

Debts of some countries are so unimaginable that money cannot be considered asset based any more.

Social security networks are growing and crumbling at the same time, as they cannot be supported by unstable economies nor indebted governments.

Standard medical care is facing growing pressures of ineffectiveness.

Families are scattered and isolated into mostly single’s and couples‘ dwellings, due to new realities of urban/global living and new relationship models.

Is it all bad, catastrophic, depressing? It is our today. It is not good or bad. This is what it is, and human kind will emerge from it in a mutated, evolved state, as it always have.

The importance of message


A clear message is well designed, well read. Because not many viewers like to stay on a website cluttered with information until they understand what is being sold, presented or simply said. Our attention is so thorn between all the messages that bombard us daily that is only fair to make yours as clear and understandable as possible. Simple is Good.

Austerity measures and partying

Europe is consolidating financial controls and sticking with austerity measures to avoid collapse of the economy that will have global domino effect of some kind on all of us. We are connected, everyone knows that. If mother has credit card addiction, daughters may end up as entrepreneurs, because the family cannot afford to send them to college. Is that so bad?

Austerity measures are bad for everyone, say economists: you buy less -> your employer holds back on benefits or raise because of less revenue -> government has less taxes to fund social programs -> you spend less. How much less can you spend? – unrest begins?… Alternatively government (like our neighbour in 2008) can just keep printing more money, so you can keep spending. It’s just a paper, right? Well, that piles debt for future generations – our own children… Rich one percent seem to know how to get richer, and the rest can only think what else to cut out of the budget.

Obviously I am not going to solve any of this, I am just a web developer by choice. What I can observe though, is that after a period of serious austerity, people prioritize and the fun part is not the last on the list. Christmas parties are coming back! There is more small business owners. Some decide to make better websites – good for me! Because I love making better websites.

2012 is not going to be the end of world. This interpretation of Mayan calendar was just a mistake. And the new era begins with every day. Today I will learn something new, I will make it better for someone.

Website design trends 2012

The twenty-two year old Internet is in it’s fifth generation. Generation rollover is accelerating, and so website design is experiencing more diversity than ever. 65% of small business owners have a website, leaving more than 30% without one. Of those who do have a site, some 20% update it only once a year. Bearing in mind that viewers only stay on sites which don’t engage their attention for a few seconds, the importance of good website design becomes clear.

Our research of the most popular and emerging trends in website design allows us to predict the following trends for 2012:

One-page websites

One-page layouts are on the rise with several variations that include: Vertical scrolling with link-embedded content, in absence of traditional navigation; Parallax scrolling; Design under the fold, where interesting content does not end above the first-visible area of the screen.

Large images

Billboard, Print and luxury Magazines designers invaded traditional web domain with striking imagery that is worth a thousand words. Variations include oversized headers taking full height of the screen, large sliders trending against flash designs (flash usage peaked some time ago, especially as many mobile devices don’t accommodate it), large background images where it does not compete with the content.

Mobile design

Mobile websites are no longer just text-only alternatives made available via plug-ins. Today, responsive designers create separate mobile editions of the main website with their own set of rules and technologies. Swipe-touch, no hover effects, fluid width and feel, and many different device viewport sizes. With the huge increases in the number of mobile smartphones and tablets we’ve seen already, and no signs of slowing growth in this area, mobile website design has become a critical component of most website projects. Let us show you how we can turn your site into a mobile friendly one.

Minimalism

This one evolved, too. It is not your old black and white layout with lots of white space and one font. New minimalist is rich and sophisticated in a subtle way. Make everything as simple as possible, but not simpler. Simple is Good. Minimalist design pronounces clear message, right to the point, without clutter. One-page websites are part of this philosophy.

Perspective / 3D

More designers will favour 3D designs over the more traditional desktop perspectives. We’ll see more side-shot perspectives that make the page more attractive and adhere to a more realistic view, as long as it still shows well on mobile devices. It may include rich surfaces, where applicable.

Fat footers

We seem to have reached agreement not to throw things that didn’t fit into the main navigation menus into the footer any longer. Fat footers are now designed for richer content, personalized experiences and desirable extras; not as overflows for the main content.

Interactivity

Is not going away, but it becomes more embedded in context. Interconnected with social networks, includes modal boxes with facebook sign-ups to site, sharing what you surf or watch (scary, isn’t it?), interacting with corporate sites in a game playing way.

Built-in activism

Fairness, environment and community involvement interlaces with business models of many new startups. We are going to see more of it, in times of suppressed economical growth.

Typography

This subject has been discussed in new year trends for some time now. Makes you think that designers are yearning to distinguish themselves with funky fonts, no matter what the technology cost. Keep in mind that non-standard fonts are mostly not compatible with a diversity of Internet devices.
Slab Typefaces – all capital letters, bold and imposing, as in western’s ‘Wanted’ posters have their purpose and strong place as elements of design in the new year, but not as a main theme.

In new design elements trends, one very visible one is Quick Response, or QR codes. They are being used more, especially with their associated digital art. Taking advantage of the huge amount of information that can be crammed into the small area of the code, QR codes are popping up everywhere including on small merchandise objects, real estate, business cards, T-shirts, wearables, tatoos, and street advertising. Another visible trend is metamorphism or otherwise called mutant advertising, which is using mutant human appearances to exaggerate advertised message, which are then remembered for longer periods.

Color schemes are very utilitarian, with modern neutrals, grays accentuated with red or orange, and some blueprint inspirations. Greens reflect organic influences in references to anything environmental. Large imagery fills sites with lots of vibrant, stunning colors.

So there you have our take on website design trends for 2012  - and don’t forget that facts and opinions blur all the time: the only reality is our own.

Mobile website first?

Your website does not look correctly on 4S?, on other smart phones neither? In fact, it does not even load? Oh, no… What are you going to do?

We first create a website, and then ‘adapt’ it to mobile website, viewable on mobile devices. And how are we doing it? There is lots of ways: mobile plugins, responsive design, conditional css, using grid etc. You can look it up… Shouldn’t though mobile version be created first and given the right to it’s own set of rules and best practices, before treated as hand-me-down version of something bigger and better? You’re right it should!

It may seem like a nuisance to design (and more importantly, maintain up-to-date) a separate mobile website just for mobile devices, but it does make perfect sense, if you know how websites and servers work.

You may think that when the code detects small device, just execute ‘display:none’ for complicated elements and resize your high resolution images and everything will be all right. What about beautifully designed block menus, sparkling with colors on ‘hover‘, centered across fixed width template? What about sophisticated backgrounds and elaborate horizontal galleries? Plugins to popular content management software are well developed to take care of most challenges with mobile web design, but here is something to think about:

Responsive design wakeup call: not displaying large element on a mobile device does not prevent it from being download anyway! What does it mean? Simply, all large files still have to end up on a mobile device before the pages are displayed, even when these large files are already coded to not being shown. It has been proven by looking at the server log files.

Why it matters? Because mobile devices work not on a broadband cable or fiber internet connection like standard computers, but on telecom data packages that have much smaller capacity and are more expensive per megabyte transmitted that way.

It does make a lot of sense to design separate mobile site. Mobile devices are gaining market share as a primary internet channel and cannot be ‘adapted‘ from your main website any longer. Mobile users have specific needs that need to be addressed to sell your products, services, ideas and information.

Focus on one transaction is base of a mobile experience. Content overload has no place on a small screen.

Because of touch screen capabilities, various operating systems and technology, color or greyscale screens – Say NO to:

  • Flash
  • Fixed-width layout
  • Complex navigation paths with submenus
  • Playing with hover features
  • Low contrast designs

Remember:

  • Less is more
  • Engage better with focused interaction
  • Use simpler interface, text rather than logos with details
  • Forget about partner promos, loosely related links, multiple sponsor logos, big ‘About’ pages and fat footers – too much content
  • Click on button evolves to touch-and-swipe – be open to NEW

And face it: Your website cannot be all things to all people.
Its functionality and convenience are more important for the best consumer experience than haute couture look and reference library stack of resources combined.